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The Utility (or lack thereof) of Extrinsic Evidence When Interpreting a Will

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This blog is written by Ronald Neal, student-at-law. Can one rely on extrinsic evidence (i.e. evidence that relates to a will but is not contained in it) to establish the intentions of a testator? This was a question recently considered by the Ontario Superior Court of Justice in Campbell v. Evert [1]. Background Dr. Ewert had two children, Monica and Peter. Dr. Ewert passed away on February 7, 2011. In 1990, Dr…..

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Estate Litigation, Uncategorized

Know Your Client

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This Blog was written by: Liz Bozek Most countries, including Canada, have anti-money laundering (AML) policies, and many require that all financial institutions strictly abide by those policies to support efforts against financial crime. At the heart of these compliance measures is the ever-increasing need that institutions and professionals know exactly who their clients are and where their money comes from. “Know your client”, or KYC as it is commonly….

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Practice Management, Uncategorized

SHAREHOLDER REMUNERATION PLANNING

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Business owners-managers put money in and take money out on a regular basis during the year, and at the same time often use the business bank account for what may appear to be personal expenditures. This often leads to shareholder advance balances at year end and some major bookkeeping challenges to boot. These balances are often part of the consideration to determine shareholder bonuses and dividends at year-end, the characterization….

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Canada Revenue Agency, Canadian and US Tax Treaty, Estate Planning, Investments, IRS, Small Business, Tax Issues, Uncategorized

Death and TOSI

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In my previous blog I looked at the revised rules for the tax on split income, or “TOSI”, that were released on December 13, 2017. In that blog I noted there are special rules that apply in respect of income and gains on property that is acquired as a consequence of death. This blog focuses on those provisions. If income or gains from property are “split income”[1] the TOSI applies….

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Post-Death Decline in the Value of RRSP or RRIF: What Happens?

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Generally, when an annuitant of a Registered Retirement Savings Plan (“RRSP”) or a Registered Retirement Income Fund (“RRIF”) dies, the Canada Revenue Agency (“CRA”)  will consider that the annuitant received, immediately before death, an amount equal to the fair market value (“FMV”) of the property held in the RRSP or RRIF at the time of death. This amount and all other amounts the annuitant received from the RRSP or RRIF….

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Canada Revenue Agency, Estate Administration, Tax Issues, Uncategorized

Joint Tenancy and Right of Survivorship

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There has been much case law surrounding the difficulties that may arise when a parent and adult child are joint tenants with respect to real property. In the Ontario Court of Appeal (the “Court”) decision, Jansen v. Niels Estate[1], the Court was faced with the issue of whether Theadora Niels’ (“T”) interest in her house passed by right of survivorship to her daughter-in-law, Ingrid Niels (“I”), pursuant to a joint….

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