Joint Tenancy

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Who holds the burden of proof when undue influence is claimed?

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A man photographs seagulls.

In the estates context, undue influence is often alleged in order to challenge a will or an inter vivos transfer of property, often a family home or cottage. When a party in a legal dispute alleges that there was undue influence which party bears the burden of proving (or disproving) whether this is true? Will challenges Generally speaking, if a will meets the criteria for formal validity, it will be….

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Elder Care, Estate Litigation, Joint Tenancy, Power of Attorney, Succession Planning, Testamentary Capacity, Undue influence, Wills

Is This a Bare Trust?

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Andrew Coates, Associate, Gowling WLG (Canada) LLP Today was supposed to be the due date for untold numbers of T3 returns and Schedule 15s for trusts known as “bare” trusts in existence on December 30, 2023. Not only was it going to be the first year that the Canada Revenue Agency (the “CRA”) required bare trusts to report their existence through the filing of a T3 return, but also the….

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Canada Revenue Agency, Estate Planning, Joint Tenancy, Tax Issues, Trusts, Uncategorized

Trustees Holding Title to Real Property: It Used to be Simpler

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Trustees holding title to real property jointly with right of survivorship should make estate succession efficient and inexpensive. But recent changes implemented by the Director of Land Titles are challenging that notion…..

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Cottage, Estate Planning, Fiduciary Professions, Joint Tenancy, Property, Real Estate, Succession Planning, Trustee, Trusts

Joint tenancy: a cost-effective or costly measure to save on probate fees?

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This blog has been written by Mohena Singh, Associate at Fasken LLP As an estate planner, one of the most common questions I am asked is, “How do I transfer my house or cottage to my family without paying estate administration tax?” A common way we have seen individuals attempt to accomplish their goal of transferring real property without paying estate administration tax (also known as “probate fees”) is by….

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Estate Administration, Estate Planning, Joint Tenancy, Probate Tax, Real Estate, Wills

Gefen Estate v. Gefen

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The Ontario Court of Appeal (“ONCA”) decision in Gefen Estate v. Gefen is an interesting read which provides insight into a variety of topics including mutual wills and mutual will agreements, secret trusts, the doctrine of unconscionable procurement, and more! By way of background, Elias and Henia Gefen were married for 65 years. They were Holocaust survivors who came to Canada in 1951. They had three sons: Harvey, Harry, and….

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Appeals, Capacity Law, Estate Administration, Estate Litigation, Family Conflict, Joint Tenancy, Power of Attorney, Real Estate, Testamentary Capacity, Uncategorized, Undue influence, Wills

What Happens When One Joint Owner is in Debt?

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While the right of survivorship is often thought of as the defining characteristic of joint tenancy, joint tenancy is also defined by “four unities.” Justice Perell succinctly defined the “four unities” in Royal & SunAlliance Insurance Company v Muir, 2011 ONSC 2273: A joint tenancy is distinguished by what are known as four unities: (1) unity of title, the co-owners take under the same instrument; (2) unity of interest, the….

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Appeals, Family Conflict, Joint Tenancy, Property, Real Estate, Spouse
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